Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition that causes unwanted, distressing thoughts (called obsessions) and repetitive behaviors or routines (called compulsions). People with OCD often feel stuck in a cycle: a thought causes anxiety, and a behavior helps relieve it—at least for a little while. This cycle can take over everyday life, making it hard to focus, relax, or feel in control.
Main Signs of OCD
Obsessions are unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that keep popping up and cause anxiety. Examples include:
Fear of germs or contamination
Worrying about hurting someone accidentally
Obsessing over making mistakes or things being "just right"
Repeating questions like: "What if I'm in the wrong relationship?"
Compulsions
Compulsions are actions or mental habits done to ease the anxiety. Examples include:
Repeated hand washing or cleaning
Constant checking (locks, appliances, etc.)
Repeating words or prayers
Needing constant reassurance
Arranging things a certain way or counting
What Causes OCD?
OCD likely comes from a mix of factors, including:
Genetics: It often runs in families.
Brain Differences: Brain structure and chemical imbalances may play a role.
Personality: People who are perfectionists or worry a lot may be more at risk.
Stress or Trauma: Difficult life events can trigger symptoms.
Infections (in rare cases): Some children may develop OCD after a strep infection (PANDAS).
How Common Is OCD?
About 1 in 40 adults and 1 in 100 children in the U.S. are affected.
Symptoms often start around age 19.
OCD is more common in women than men.
Getting Help: OCD Treatment
OCD is treatable. Many people improve with therapy, medication, or both.
Main Treatments:
ERP Therapy (Exposure & Response Prevention): Teaches you to face fears without doing compulsions.
CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy): Helps change unhelpful thoughts and habits.
ACT (Acceptance & Commitment Therapy): Helps you accept thoughts without judgment.
Medications: Some antidepressants (like SSRIs) are commonly used to treat OCD.
Coping Skills That Can Help
While therapy is key, here are things you can do to manage symptoms:
See a Therapist – Especially one who specializes in OCD
Journaling – Write down your thoughts and patterns
Mindfulness & Meditation – Stay grounded in the present
Exercise – Movement helps relieve stress and reduce compulsions
Yoga – Calms the mind and body
Track Your Progress – Keep notes on what helps and what doesn't
When to Seek Help
If OCD thoughts or behaviors are taking over your day or causing distress, it's a good time to talk to a mental health professional. You're not alone—and with the right support, OCD can be managed.
